Curva de Juros dos Bunds da Zona do Euro

Eurozone sovereign yield curve

German Bund (EUR) — full term structure, 2s10s and 3m10y spreads, NY Fed recession probability, Nelson-Siegel-Svensson fit.

Dados em julho 13, 2026
Policy rate
2.25%
10Y yield
3.11%
2s10s spread
+0.51pp
3m10y spread
+0.79pp
Recession prob (12m)
14.50%
Curve shape: Normal — both 2s10s and 3m10y are positive.

Term structure

Tenor3M6M1Y2Y3Y5Y7Y10Y20Y30Y
Yield (%)2.322.412.522.602.642.742.893.113.553.60
Yields in percent. Tenors from 3 months to 30 years. 10-year is the conventional benchmark.

Term structure with NSS fit

Eurozone sovereign yield curve with Nelson-Siegel-Svensson fit Observed yields (markers) overlaid with the Nelson-Siegel-Svensson smoothed fit (orange). Dashed line = current policy rate (2.25%).

2s10s spread (5-year history)

Eurozone 2s10s yield curve spread, 5-year history with inversion zones shaded Shaded red zones = inverted curve (2s10s < 0). Inversion has historically preceded recession with 6-24 month lead time.

Recession probability — 12 months ahead

Estrella-Mishkin probit (NY Fed): P(recession) = Φ(-0.5333 - 0.6629 × spread3m10y).

14.5%
Low
3m10y spread input: +0.79pp
0%30% (caution)50% (high)100%

Nelson-Siegel-Svensson parameters

Fit residual RMSE: 0.054 pp. See the NSS methodology page for the parametric form.

β₀β₁β₂β₃λ₁λ₂
4.223-1.885-0.786-2.5321.505.00
How to read this country's curve

Look first at the 10-year yield in the headline tiles above — that is the benchmark long-term borrowing cost for this country. Then compare it to the policy rate set by the central bank. If the 10-year is meaningfully above the policy rate, investors expect rates to stay supportive of growth; if it sits below, the market is pricing rate cuts ahead.

Next, check the 2s10s and 3m10y spread tiles. Green numbers mean the curve is sloping up in the normal way (longer bonds yield more). Red numbers mean the curve is inverted — long bonds yield less than short bonds, which historically precedes a slowdown. The deeper the inversion, the stronger the warning signal, although the lag between inversion and recession typically runs 12-24 months.

Finally, the recession probability at the top combines the 3m10y spread with the NY Fed's statistical model. A reading above 30% is the conventional caution threshold; above 50% historically meant a recession was the base case within a year. For non-US countries this is a useful comparative signal but the exact level should be read with care.

Interpreting the NSS parameters for this country

The four estimated betas decompose the curve into orthogonal factors. β₀ is the long-run level — the asymptotic yield as maturity goes to infinity, interpretable as the market's terminal nominal anchor (steady-state real rate plus expected inflation). β₁ is the slope factor; a negative β₁ produces an upward-sloping curve while a positive β₁ flattens or inverts the front end. β₂ and β₃ govern two curvature humps controlled respectively by λ₁ and λ₂ years — the maturities at which each curvature factor peaks. Diebold-Li (2006) show β₀+β₁ converges to the instantaneous short rate and β₀ to the consol yield, providing direct factor-model intuition.

On the recession probability: the reading uses the Estrella-Mishkin (1998) coefficients calibrated on US post-war NBER data. For developed-market peers (Eurozone, UK, Canada, Australia, Switzerland) the cross-country mapping is broadly defensible, but the absolute level is indicative, not literal — local probit re-estimation (Moneta 2005 for the euro area; Chinn-Kucko 2015 for OECD comparators) typically yields slightly weaker, but still significant, predictive coefficients. The reading is best treated as a relative-rank signal across our nine-country set rather than an unconditional probability.

A final caveat: the spread input embeds both an expected-policy component and a term-premium component. When the ACM term premium is compressed by structural demand for duration (LDI flows, central-bank balance-sheet residuals, foreign reserve recycling), an inverted curve can flag elevated probability without indicating that aggressive easing is priced. Cross-checking the model against survey-based policy expectations and against the country's own forward OIS curve disciplines the signal.

O que a curva dos Bunds está sinalizando

Com a taxa da facilidade de depósito do Banco Central Europeu em 2,25%, a curva dos Bunds alemães se inclinou de forma significativa ao longo do último ano e agora exibe uma inclinação ascendente de manual: os rendimentos da ponta curta ancorados pouco abaixo da taxa de depósito, o Bund de 10 anos em torno de 2,60%, e o de 30 anos pouco acima de 2,90%. O spread 2s10s está firmemente positivo, acima de 50 pontos-base — entre os mais acentuados do mundo desenvolvido. Os rendimentos dos Bunds na ponta curta sendo negociados ligeiramente abaixo da taxa de política monetária é típico do corredor operacional do BCE, no qual a taxa de depósito estabelece um piso.

Status de inversão e spreads de prazo

O spread 3m10y da Zona do Euro está solidamente positivo, o que coloca a probabilidade implícita de recessão para os 12 meses seguintes, segundo o modelo probit de Estrella-Mishkin, na casa baixa de um dígito. Trata-se de uma leitura notavelmente benigna em comparação com os EUA — e uma reviravolta acentuada em relação ao episódio de 2022-2023, quando a curva dos Bunds esteve invertida na ponta curta devido a expectativas agressivas de alta de juros do BCE. O 2s10s não esteve invertido em nenhum momento dos últimos 12 meses.

O que a curva diz sobre as expectativas do BCE vs. a precificação de mercado

Decompondo a curva:

O formato geral da curva é condizente com a mensagem comunicada pelo BCE de estar em ou próximo do nível neutro. A precificação de mercado é bem menos dovish do que para o Fed, com pouquíssimos cortes precificados além do que o BCE já entregou.

Ajuste Nelson-Siegel-Svensson

O próprio Bundesbank utiliza o Nelson-Siegel-Svensson — na verdade, suas estimativas públicas de curva de juros foram o principal instrumento empírico original do NSS nos anos 1990. Nosso ajuste reproduz um nível (beta0) próximo de 3,0, um pequeno fator de inclinação negativo (beta1) e curvatura modesta: uma curva “bem-comportada”, em que o ajuste paramétrico explica quase toda a variação transversal observada nos rendimentos dos Bunds. Veja a página de metodologia do NSS para a derivação.

Referências cruzadas

Other yield curves